Perception is defined as the process of fully grasping an object, making sense of it, and forming a mental representation. Islamic philosophers viewed perception as a process and sought to explain the functioning of the elements involved in it. Reason, as the primary instrument of cognition, is regarded as the key faculty that distinguishes human beings from other creatures. The relationship established with the active intellect forms a bond that enhances perceptive ability, while the mind, encompassing the faculties of understanding, comprehension, and abstraction, functions as an integral part of the perceptive process. The soul, considered a sacred element breathed into human beings by God, is viewed as the existential source of cognition and the principle that enables the body to become active. Imagination, representing the abstract and flexible dimension of perception, allows sensory data to be reconstructed in the mind and is particularly associated with phenomena such as dreams and revelation. The faculty of wahm (estimative faculty), enabling intuitive judgment, serves as a bridge between reason and imagination. The senses constitute the initial and concrete stage of perception, making the experience of reality possible and marking the beginning of the perceptual process. The convergence of these concepts reveals that the process of cognition possesses a multidimensional and holistic structure. The notion of cognition can provide a contemporary perspective by bridging the rich intellectual heritage of Islamic philosophy with the ongoing developments in artificial intelligence. In particular, the parallels between efforts to understand human cognition and the design of artificial intelligence systems are increasingly being explored and discussed. Cognition and its related concepts play a fundamental role in grasping human nature and the ability to think, and reconciling this heritage with current technological developments is of great importance.